Therapist Development Center Practice Exam 1

Which theory is relevant when assessing a child's response to a caregiver leaving and returning?

1. Psychodynamic

2. Systems

3. Behavioral

4. Attachment

The correct answer is: Attachment

The attachment theory is crucial when assessing a child's response to a caregiver leaving and returning because it focuses specifically on the emotional bonds formed between caregivers and children. This theory, developed by John Bowlby and further expanded by Mary Ainsworth, highlights how a child's early experiences with their primary caregiver can affect their social and emotional development. When a caregiver leaves, a securely attached child may show distress but will be comforted and reassured upon the caregiver's return, demonstrating an expectation of support and availability. Conversely, children with insecure attachments might react differently, showing either excessive anxiety or indifference. These varied responses provide significant insights into the child's attachment style and overall emotional health. In contrast, psychodynamic theory explores the influence of unconscious processes and childhood experiences on behavior but does not specifically address the dynamics of caregiver-child attachment. Systems theory looks at the broader context in which the child exists, including family dynamics and environmental factors, but still does not center on the direct emotional bond. Behavioral theory focuses on observable behaviors and learning processes rather than emotional responses tied to attachment and relationships. Thus, attachment theory is the most relevant framework for understanding a child's reaction to a caregiver's movements.